Many aspiring avant-garde artists at the turn of the century moved to the French capital, where the work of post-impressionist painters Van Gogh, Cézanne, Seurat, Gauguin, and their disciples could be seen at the galleries and Salons. Picasso traveled to Paris several times beginning in 1900 before settling there permanently in 1904. Indeed, subjects from the streets of both Barcelona and Paris would soon occupy Picasso's work. In their art and writing young modernistes also devoted themselves to political anarchy and related social causes, including sympathy for the plight of the urban poor. Picasso included many of these in his first solo exhibition, which opened at the tavern in February 1900. Adapting this style, the artist produced numerous portraits of friends and acquaintances from Els Quatre Gats, among them Carles Casagemas and Jaime Sabartès ( Sabartès Seated). Influences included Théophile Steinlen and Toulouse-Lautrec, whose impact can be seen in Picasso's work. In illustration, poster design, and other graphic arts, they turned to French art nouveau, which was distinguished by sinuous contour lines, simplified shapes, and artificial colors. Known as modernistes or decadentes, this community assimilated contemporary international trends such as symbolism, which emphasized the evocation of atmosphere and mood over literal description. In Barcelona in 1899 Picasso rejected academic study and changed artistic direction by joining the circle of young avant-garde artists and writers who gathered at a local tavern, Els Quatre Gats. Ackerman, Charles Bargue | Drawing Course with the collaboration of Jean-Léon Gérôme (Paris: ACR Edition Internationale, 2003), 83. Bargue was a French artist, lithographer, and painter, and most widely remembered for his Cours de dessin, conceived in collaboration with Jean-Léon Gérôme. This drawing by Picasso was in fact based upon a drawing of a plaster cast by Charles Bargue (c. Working from live models as well as plaster casts of Greek and Roman sculpture, the young artist displayed a precocious command of academic draftsmanship ( Study of a Torso) that would be evident throughout his career, later serving as the vehicle for some of his most original work. Picasso began to draw under his father's tutelage and studied in various art schools between 18, including academies in Barcelona and Madrid. Pablo Ruiz Picasso was born on October 25, 1881, in the Spanish coastal town of Málaga, where his father, José Ruiz Blasco, was an art instructor at a provincial school.
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